Yog tias koj tau xav paub txog yuav ua li cas cov khoom siv tau txais cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txhim khu kev qha, ces koj yuav tsum xav txog txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hwj chim boards. Tsab ntawv xov xwm no yuav nthuav tawm cov lus tsis meej ntawm lub hwj chim boards thiab pab koj nkag siab qhov tsis meej ntawm cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob.
Ua ntej, cia peb pib nrog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub hwj chim board. Lub hwj chim board yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob siv los hloov cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov mus rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ncaj qha rau siv hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Nws cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog lub hwj chim transformer, uas yog lub luag hauj lwm rau hloov cov input high-voltage AC zog mus rau qhov tsim nyog low-voltage AC zog. Lub converted low-voltage AC zog yog ua los ntawm ib tug series ntawm circuits xws li rectification thiab filtering, thiab thaum kawg outputs ruaj khov DC zog. Yog li ntawd, lub hwj chim board feem ntau suav nrog peb qhov chaw: transformer, rectifier circuit, thiab filtering circuit.
Firstly, lub transformer ntawm lublub zog tsavplays lub luag haujlwm hauv kev txo qis thiab kev sib cais. Nws hloov cov input high-voltage AC fais fab mus rau qhov tsim nyog tsawg-voltage AC zog los ntawm kev hloov pauv piv ntawm cov kauj, thiab cais cov tswv yim thiab cov zis tawm los ntawm cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev kom ruaj ntseg siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Transformers ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev muab hluav taws xob tsim nyog rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm lub rooj tsav xwm fais fab.
Tom ntej no yog lub rectification Circuit Court, uas yog siv los hloov alternating tam sim no mus rau direct tam sim no. Rectification circuits feem ntau yog siv diodes, uas ua raws li kev coj ua thiab kev txiav tawm hauv qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ib nrab ntawm AC lub zog, yog li hloov cov tswv yim AC lub zog rau hauv lub zog DC nrog tsuas yog qhov zoo lossis tsis zoo ib nrab voj voog. Nyob rau hauv lub rectifier Circuit Court, ib tug capacitor kuj ntxiv rau voltage smoothing kom tshem tawm ripple nyob rau hauv lub pulsating DC tam sim no.
Thaum kawg, muaj lub lim dej lim dej, uas yog siv los ua kom yooj yim dua qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tam sim no ncaj qha. Ib qho kev lim dej feem ntau muaj cov inductors, capacitors, thiab resistors. Inductance plays lub luag haujlwm hauv kev ua kom tsis muaj zog ntawm kev hloov pauv tam sim no thiab txo qis kev cuam tshuam ntau zaus; Capacitors tuaj yeem khaws cov nqi thiab cov khoom siv tam sim no, ua rau cov zis DC ruaj khov dua; Resistors yog siv los txwv qhov loj ntawm cov dej ntws tam sim no thiab tiv thaiv circuits thiab khoom siv. Los ntawm kev kho thiab lim dej, lub rooj tsav xwm fais fab tuaj yeem muab lub zog DC ruaj khov kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub hwj chim boards feem ntau suav nrog transformers, rectifier circuits, thiab filtering circuits. Lub transformer yog lub luag hauj lwm rau txo voltage thiab kev rho tawm, lub rectifier Circuit Court converts alternating tam sim no mus rau hauv ncaj qha tam sim no, thiab lub filtering circuits ntxiv smooths cov fluctuations ntawm ncaj tam sim no. Los ntawm kev sib koom ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob no, lub rooj tsav xwm hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ntseeg tau hloov AC lub zog rau hauv DC fais fab mov haum rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.