Nrog rau qhov nce ntau lawm ntawm cov PCB mos thiab daim ntawv thov thiab kev txhawb nqa ntawm rigid saj zawg zog PCB, nws yog tam sim no ntau ntau hais tias PCB ntxiv mos, nruj los yog nruj thiab muaj pes tsawg txheej ntawm PCB nws yog. Feem ntau, PCB ua los ntawm cov khoom siv insulating yog hu ua mos PCB lossis hloov tau yooj yim PCB, rigid flexible compound PCB hu ua rigid flexible PCB. Nws yoog tau rau niaj hnub no cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kom muaj kev kub ceev thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev txhim kho kev txhim kho, tab sis kuj ua tau raws li kev lag luam nruj thiab kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam thiab kev sib tw ntawm kev ua lag luam.
Nyob rau hauv txawv teb chaws, mos PCB tau dav siv nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 1960s. Hauv peb lub tebchaws, nws tsuas yog pib tsim khoom thiab siv hauv 60 xyoo. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, nrog rau kev txhawb nqa ntawm kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb kev koom ua ke thiab qhib kev lag luam, kev qhia txog kev siv tshuab los txhawb nws txoj kev siv tau loj hlob tas li, qee qhov me me thiab nruab nrab-qhov hnyav PCB cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam tsom rau lub sijhawm no los siv cov txheej txheem nyuaj, siv cov uas twb muaj lawm. cov khoom siv los txhim kho cov cuab yeej thiab cov txheej txheem, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom muag ntawm PCB muag thiab hloov mus rau qhov kev xav tau loj hlob ntawm cov khoom muag muag PCB. Txhawm rau kom nkag siab ntxiv txog PCB, daim ntawv no qhia txog cov txheej txheem ntawm PCB muag.
1. Kev faib tawm thiab qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov mos PCB
1. Mos PCB kev faib tawm
Mos PCBS feem ntau yog cais raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg thiab cov qauv ntawm cov conductors raws li hauv qab no:
1.1 Ib leeg-sab mos PCB
Ib leeg-mos PCB, tsuas yog ib tus neeg xyuas pib, nrog lossis tsis muaj txheej txheej. Cov khoom siv insulating puag siv sib txawv nrog rau kev thov ntawm cov khoom. Feem ntau siv cov ntaub ntawv insulating yog polyester, polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, mos epoxy-iav ntaub, thiab lwm yam.
Ib leeg-mos PCB tuaj yeem muab faib ua plaub pawg hauv qab no:
1) Kev sib txuas ib leeg tsis muaj txheej txheej
Cov hlau qauv ntawm no hom ntawm PCB mos yog nyob rau ntawm insulating substrate, thiab tsis muaj txheej txheej ntawm cov hlau. Zoo li ib txwm ib sab nruj PCB. Cov khoom no yog cov pheej yig tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov ntawv tsis tseem ceeb thiab ib puag ncig zoo. Qhov kev sib txuas yog pom tau los ntawm kev siv vuam vuam, fusion vuam los yog siab vuam. Nws yog feem ntau siv hauv cov xov tooj thaum ntxov.
2) Nws txuas nrog ib txheej txheej
Piv nrog rau cov chav kawm dhau los, cov xov hlau zoo li no tsuas yog npog nrog ib txheej ntawm qhov chaw raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau. Npog lub ncoo yuav tsum raug nthuav tawm, yooj yim tsis tuaj yeem npog thaj tsam kawg. Cov kev xav tau ntawm precision yuav siv tau rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm qhov clearance qhov. Nws yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau siv ib leeg-mos PCB, thiab nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv tsheb twj thiab hluav taws xob ntsuas.
3) Kev sib txuas ob sab tsis npog txheej
Hom kev sib txuas disk no tuaj yeem txuas rau pem hauv ntej thiab sab nraub qaum ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib. Ua li no, ib txoj kev qhov yog ua nyob rau hauv lub insulating substrate ntawm lub ncoo, uas yuav tsum tau ua ntej punched, etched, los yog lwm yam mechanically ua nyob rau hauv lub xav tau qhov chaw ntawm lub insulating substrate. Nws yog siv rau ob tog mounting ntsiab, pab kiag li lawm, thiab qhov twg soldering yuav tsum tau. Tsis muaj insulating substrate nyob rau hauv lub ncoo cheeb tsam ntawm lub access point. Tej thaj chaw ncoo feem ntau yog muab tshem tawm los ntawm txoj kev tshuaj.
4) Kev sib txuas ob sab nrog npog txheej
Cov chav kawm no txawv ntawm nws cov thawj coj nyob rau hauv uas nws muaj ib txheej npog ntawm qhov chaw. Txawm li cas los xij, lub overlay muaj qhov nkag, uas tseem tso cai rau ob tog raug txiav thiab tseem tuav lub overlay. Hom PCB no yog ua los ntawm ob txheej ntawm rwb thaiv tsev thiab ib txheej ntawm cov hlau conductor. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas cov txheej txheej yuav tsum tau insulated los ntawm ib puag ncig cov cuab yeej, thiab nws tus kheej yuav tsum tau insulated los ntawm ib leeg, thiab qhov kawg yuav tsum tau txuas rau ob sab.
1.2 Ob chav sided mos PCB
Ob chav sided mos PCB nrog ob txheej ntawm conductors. Cov ntawv thov thiab qhov zoo ntawm no hom ntawm ob tog muag muag PCB yog tib yam li cov ntawm ib leeg-sab muag muag PCB, lub ntsiab kom zoo dua uas yog nce thaiv qhov ceev ntawm ib cheeb tsam. Nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua ib qho, tsis muaj qhov metallized thiab tsis muaj txheej txheej: a, tsis muaj qhov metallized, tsis muaj txheej txheej; b tsis muaj metallizing qhov thiab nrog txheej txheej; c nrog metallized qhov thiab tsis muaj txheej txheej; d Muaj metallized qhov los yog overlying txheej. Ob-sided mos PCBS tsis muaj overlay tsis tshua siv.
1.3 Multi-layer soft PCB
Mos multi-txheej PCB raws li nruj multi-txheej PCB, siv multi-txheej compaction technology, yuav ua tau los ntawm multi-layer mos PCB. Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws multilayer mos PCB yog peb-txheej muag PCB tsim los ntawm ob txheej ntawm tooj liab thaiv ntawm ob sab ntawm ib sab PCB. Qhov peb-txheej muag PCB no yog hluav taws xob sib npaug rau cov hlau coaxial lossis cov hlau thaiv. Qhov feem ntau siv ntau txheej mos PCB qauv yog plaub-txheej txheej, nrog metallized qhov kom paub txog kev sib txuas ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, thiab nruab nrab txheej feem ntau yog lub hwj chim txheej thiab hauv av txheej.
Qhov zoo ntawm multilayer mos PCBS yog tias lub substrate zaj duab xis yog lub teeb nyob rau hauv qhov hnyav thiab muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm hluav taws xob zoo, xws li tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob tsis tu ncua. Multilayer soft PCB board ua los ntawm polyimide zaj duab xis raws li cov khoom siv hauv paus yog li 1/3 sib zog dua li cov tawv epoxy iav daim ntaub multilayer PCB pawg thawj coj saib, tab sis nws poob qhov yooj yim ntawm ib sab thiab ob sab muag muag PCB. Feem ntau ntawm cov khoom no tsis xav tau kev hloov pauv.
Multilayer mos PCBS tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntau hom hauv qab no:
1) Cov txheej txheem ntau txheej PCB yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov tau yooj yim, thiab cov khoom tiav tau hais kom hloov tau yooj yim: cov qauv no feem ntau yog ob qhov kawg ntawm ntau ib leeg lossis ob sab microstrip saj zawg zog PCB yog sib koom ua ke, tab sis qhov nruab nrab tsis yog sib koom ua ke thaum kawg, thiaj li muaj kev hloov pauv siab. Txhawm rau kom muaj cov yam ntxwv hluav taws xob xav tau, xws li cov yam ntxwv impedance kev ua tau zoo, kom phim cov PCBS nruj uas nws sib cuam tshuam, cov teeb liab xov hlau yuav tsum tau tsim rau hauv av saum npoo rau txhua kab txheej ntawm cov khoom sib txuas ntawm PCB. Rau cov qib siab ntawm kev hloov pauv, cov txheej nyias nyias, tsim nyog, xws li polyimide, tuaj yeem siv los ntawm cov xaim txheej es tsis txhob siv cov txheej txheej tuab. Lub qhov metallized pab kom xav tau kev sib txuas ntawm Z-dav hlau ntawm cov txheej txheem yooj yim. Qhov no multilayer mos PCB yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev siv hauv kev tsim qauv uas xav tau kev hloov pauv, kev ntseeg siab thiab siab ceev.
2) Cov txheej txheem ntau txheej PCB yog tsim los ntawm cov mos mos insulating substrate, thiab cov khoom tiav tuaj yeem hloov kho thaum kawg: Cov txheej txheem ntau txheej PCB no yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv mos mos, xws li polyimide zaj duab xis, thiab laminated rau hauv multi-layer board. Nws poob nws qhov hloov tau yooj yim tom qab lamination. Hom PCB no yog siv thaum tus qauv tsim hu rau kev siv ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv insulating ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab, xws li tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob tsis tu ncua, cov tuab tuab ntawm nruab nrab, lub teeb yuag thiab kev ua haujlwm tas li. Piv txwv li, ib tug multilayer PCB ua nrog polyimide zaj duab xis rwb thaiv tsev yog hais txog ib feem peb sib dua li ib tug epoxy iav ntaub rigid PCB.
3) Cov khoom tiav ntawm multilayer PCB tsim los ntawm cov mos mos insulating substrate yuav tsum yog tsim thiab tsis tas li hloov tau: xws li multilayer mos PCB yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv mos mos. Txawm hais tias nws yog ua los ntawm cov khoom muag muag, nws yog tsim los ntawm lub sij hawm cov khoom tiav yog thov vim hais tias ntawm cov hluav taws xob tsim cov kev txwv, xws li qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm ib tug tuab conductor rau qhov xav tau conductor kuj, los yog qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm ib tug tuab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub teeb liab. txheej thiab av txheej rau qhov xav tau impedance lossis capacitance. Lub sij hawm "formable" yog txhais raws li: ib tug multilayer saj zawg zog PCB tivthaiv uas muaj peev xwm los tsim ib tug xav tau thiab tsis tuaj yeem flexed ntxiv rau hauv daim ntawv thov. Daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv kev xaim ntawm avionics chav tsev. Tsawg tus neeg xyuas pib tsis kam, tsawg kawg capacitive coupling los yog lub suab nrov hauv Circuit Court, thiab du dabtsi yog khoov mus rau 90 degree ntawm kev sib tshuam kawg yog xav tau rau ribbon lossis peb-seem tsim. Txoj haujlwm txuas no yog pom tau los ntawm ntau txheej mos PCB ua los ntawm cov khoom siv polyimide. Vim tias cov yeeb yaj kiab polyimide tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias, hloov tau, thiab muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo thiab txhua yam zoo. Txhawm rau kom paub txog txhua qhov kev sib txuas ntawm ntu ntawm cov khoom siv no, cov kab hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntau yam sib txuas txuas txuas txuas ntxiv, uas tau koom ua ke nrog cov nplaum nplaum los tsim cov ntawv luam tawm.
1.4 Rigid thiab mos multilayer PCB
Hom no feem ntau yog ntawm ib lossis ob lub PCB nruj thiab muaj cov PCB mos uas tsim nyog los tsim tag nrho. Cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg PCB yog laminated hauv nruj PCB cov txheej txheem rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb lossis rau kev muaj peev xwm txuas mus rau sab nraud nruj Circuit Court kom mount Z-plane circuits. Cov khoom zoo li no tau siv dav hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas qhov hnyav thiab qhov ntim yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab muaj kev ntseeg siab, kev sib dhos siab ceev thiab cov yam ntxwv zoo hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau ua.
Rigid thiab mos multilayer PCB kuj tuaj yeem ua tau ntau yam ib leeg lossis ob tog muag muag PCB kawg kev sib txuas nrog nias ua ke rau hauv ib qho nyuaj, thiab qhov nruab nrab tsis sib txuas rau hauv ib qho muag, qhov nruj ntawm Z sab ntawm kev sib tshuam nrog metallized. qhov. Cov kab yooj yim tuaj yeem laminated rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntau txheej. Cov PCBS no tau siv ntau dua hauv cov ntawv thov uas xav tau cov pob ntim siab heev, cov yam ntxwv hluav taws xob zoo heev, kev ntseeg siab, thiab kev txwv ntim nruj.
Ntau yam ntawm hybrid multilayer mos PCB Cheebtsam tau tsim los siv rau hauv cov tub rog avionics, qhov hnyav thiab ntau qhov tseem ceeb. Yuav kom ua tau raws li qhov hnyav thiab ntim txwv, lub pob ntim sab hauv yuav tsum siab heev. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov ceev Circuit Court ceev, tag nrho cov teeb liab kis tau tus mob yuav tsum tau npog lub ntsej muag kom txo tau cov lus sib tham thiab suab nrov. Yog tias cov xov hlau thaiv kev sib cais yuav tsum tau siv, nws yog qhov ua tau tsis yooj yim rau kev lag luam ntim rau hauv qhov system. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, cov txheej txheem sib xyaw yog siv
Mos PCB kom paub txog nws txoj kev sib tshuam. Cov khoom no muaj cov kab hluav taws xob tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv ib lub tiaj tiaj tiaj kab mos PCB, uas nyob rau hauv lem yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm ib tug nruj PCB. Nyob rau theem siab ntawm kev ua haujlwm, PCB tsim 90 degree S-khoov tom qab tsim, muab kev nkag mus rau Z-plane kev sib txuas thiab kev ntxhov siab-txhim kho ntawm cov pob qij txha hauv qab x, y, thiab Z-plane kev co stresses.
2. Qhov zoo Rigid area Rigid area
2.1 Flexibility
Ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev siv PCBS mos yog tias lawv tuaj yeem txuas tau yooj yim dua thiab txuas nrog peb qhov ntev, thiab tuaj yeem curled lossis folded rau kev siv. Tsuav nws yog crimped nyob rau hauv qhov tso cai vojvoog ntawm curvature, nws muaj peev xwm tiv taus ntau txhiab mus rau kaum tawm txhiab tus siv yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj.
2.2 Txo qhov ntim
Hauv kev sib dhos ntawm cov khoom sib txuas, piv nrog kev siv cov xaim xaim, cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom muag ntawm PCB yog nyias thiab tiaj tus, txo qhov loj ntawm cov xaim, thiab tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau hauv lub casing, thiaj li hais tias cov qauv ntawm cov khoom yog compact. thiab tsim nyog, txo qhov ntim ntawm lub rooj sib txoos. Piv nrog rau PCB nruj, qhov chaw tuaj yeem txuag tau 60 ~ 90 feem pua.
2.3 Txo qhov hnyav
Nyob rau hauv tib lub ntim, qhov hnyav ntawm PCB mos thiab xaim cable tuaj yeem raug txo los ntawm 70 feem pua hauv tib qhov kev thauj khoom, thiab qhov hnyav ntawm PCB tuaj yeem raug txo los ntawm 90 feem pua.
2.4 Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev teeb tsa
Nrog kev txhim kho PCB mos, tshem tawm qhov yuam kev ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov xov hlau. Ntev npaum li cov duab kos tau ua pov thawj los ntawm, tag nrho cov tom ntej ntawm winding circuits yog tib yam. Yuav tsis muaj qhov yuam kev thaum txhim kho cov xov hlau txuas.
2.5 Muaj kev ntseeg siab
Thaum cov PCB muag muag, vim tias nws tuaj yeem xaim ntawm X, Y thiab Z dav hlau, kev hloov pauv kev sib txuas yog txo, kev ntseeg siab ntawm tag nrho cov kab ke yog nce, thiab kev tshuaj xyuas txhaum yog yooj yim.
2.6 Controllability ntawm hluav taws xob parameter tsim
Raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm kev siv, tus tsim qauv tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov capacitance, inductance, yam ntxwv impedance, ncua thiab attenuation thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm mos PCB. tuaj yeem tsim kom muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kab sib kis. Vim tias cov kev txwv no muaj feem xyuam rau cov hlau dav, thickness, qhov sib nrug, insulating txheej thickness, dielectric tas li, poob lub kaum sab xis thiab lwm yam, qhov no yog qhov nyuaj ua thaum siv cov xaim cables.
2.7 Qhov kawg tuaj yeem raug soldered tag nrho
Mos PCB, zoo li txhav PCB, muaj lub davhlau ya nyob twg ncoo, uas tuaj yeem tshem tawm stripping thiab tin hauv ob sab phlu, yog li txuag nqi. Lub davhlau ya nyob twg ncoo txuas nrog lub caij, ntaus ntawv thiab ntsaws. Dip los yog yoj welding tuaj yeem siv tsis siv phau ntawv soldering ntawm txhua lub xaim.
2.8 Cov khoom siv yog xaiv tau
Mos PCB tuaj yeem tsim nrog cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv raws li kev siv sib txawv. Piv txwv li, polyester zaj duab xis yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tau them nqi los ua ke. Hauv kev thov cov ntawv thov uas yuav tsum muaj cov khoom zoo, cov yeeb yaj kiab polyimide tuaj yeem siv tau.
2.9 Tus nqi qis
Nrog rau kev txhim kho PCB mos, tag nrho cov nqi tuaj yeem raug txo. Qhov no yog vim:
1) Vim qhov sib xws ntawm ntau yam tsis sib xws ntawm cov xov hlau ntawm PCB muag; Qhov kev siv ntawm ib qho kev txiav tawm tshem tawm cov kev ua yuam kev ntau zaus thiab rov ua haujlwm dua thaum lub sij hawm xaim xaim, thiab kev hloov ntawm cov PCB muag yog yooj yim dua.
2) Daim ntawv thov ntawm mos PCB ua kom yooj yim rau cov qauv tsim, uas tuaj yeem ua ncaj qha rau cov khoom siv, txo cov hlau clamp thiab nws cov fasteners.
3) Rau cov ntaub thaiv npog, tus nqi ntawm PCB muag yog qis dua.
2.10 Kev ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv
Nruam ntau lawm ntawm mos PCB tuaj yeem pom tau vim tias cov ntaub ntawv mos coated ntawv tuaj yeem muab nkag tsis tu ncua hauv cov yob. Qhov no kuj pab txo cov nqi.
3. kev tsis txaus
3.1 High one-time thawj tus nqi
Txij li cov PCBS muag muag tau tsim thiab tsim rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb, kev tsim hluav taws xob pib, kev xaim hluav taws xob thiab cov nqi hluav taws xob yog siab. Tshwj tsis yog tias muaj qhov tshwj xeeb xav tau los siv cov PCB mos, feem ntau yog siv me me, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws tsis siv.
3.2 Nws yog qhov nyuaj rau hloov thiab kho cov PCB muag
Thaum lub PCB muag muag, nws yuav tsum tau hloov los ntawm lub hauv paus kev kos duab los yog kev npaj ntawm lub teeb kos duab, yog li nws tsis yooj yim los hloov. Nws saum npoo yog them nrog zaj duab xis tiv thaiv, uas yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ua ntej kho thiab rov qab kho tom qab kho, uas yog ib txoj haujlwm nyuaj.
3.3 Limited size
Mos PCB feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem batch nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas tsis muaj ntau, yog li nws raug txwv los ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov khoom siv ntau lawm thiab tsis tuaj yeem ua kom ntev thiab dav heev.
3.4 Yooj yim rau kev puas tsuaj vim kev ua haujlwm tsis raug
Kev ua haujlwm tsis raug ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm txhim kho tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, uas xav tau cov neeg ua haujlwm raug cob qhia los ua haujlwm thiab rov ua haujlwm dua.