Hauv kev tsim khoom niaj hnub no, immersion thiab kub plating txheej txheem yog cov txheej txheem kev kho saum npoo dav siv los txhim kho cov tsos, corrosion kuj, thiab conductivity ntawm cov khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov nqi sib xyaw ntawm ob txoj haujlwm no.
Cov Ntsiab Cai ntawm Cov Txheej Txheem thiab Cov Nqi Them Nqi
Cov txheej txheem kub deposition, feem ntau yog xa mus rau cov tshuaj kub deposition, yog kev siv tshuaj oxidation - txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom tso ib txheej kub rau ntawm tooj liab ntawm cov khoom siv substrate, xws li pcb board. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog txo qis thiab sib npaug ntawm cov ions kub ntawm lub substrate nto los ntawm ib qho kev txo tus neeg sawv cev hauv cov tshuaj uas muaj cov ntsev kub. Cov txheej txheem no tsis tas yuav tsum muaj tam sim no sab nraud, yog tus mos mos, thiab muaj cov khoom siv yooj yim. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem kub deposition yuav tsum muaj kev tswj xyuas meej ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, qhov kub thiab txias, pH tus nqi, thiab lwm yam kev daws teeb meem los xyuas kom meej qhov zoo thiab thickness uniformity ntawm txheej kub. Vim yog cov txheej txheem qeeb ntawm kub deposition, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev dua yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav cov txheej txheem kub uas xav tau, uas ua rau qee qhov nce lub sijhawm.
Cov txheej txheem kub plating yog ua tiav los ntawm txoj cai ntawm electrolysis. Nyob rau hauv electrolytic cell, lub workpiece yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov cathode thiab kub yog siv raws li lub anode, muab tso rau hauv ib tug electrolyte uas muaj kub ions. Thaum tam sim no dhau mus, kub ions tau txais electrons ntawm cathode, uas yog txo mus rau kub atoms thiab tso rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub workpiece. Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem tso cov txheej kub kub sai sai rau ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm, nrog kev ua haujlwm siab ntau lawm. Tab sis cov txheej txheem electrolysis yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb, uas yuav tsum muaj kev ua haujlwm siab thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov cuab yeej, thiab cov nqi yuav khoom thiab tu cov cuab yeej kuj nce raws li.
Tus nqi sib txawv ntawm kev siv cov khoom kub
Los ntawm kev siv cov ntaub ntawv kub, cov txheej txheem kub plating feem ntau yuav tsum tau kub ntau dua. Vim lub peev xwm ntawm cov kub plating kom ua tiav cov txheej txheem kub ntau dua, cov thickness ntau yog feem ntau ntawm 0.1-2.5 μ m, thaum kub txheej tau los ntawm cov txheej txheem kub deposition yog thinner. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov ntawm pcb boards, lub thickness ntawm cov kub txheej nyob rau hauv lub kub deposition txheej txheem yog feem ntau nyob ib ncig ntawm 0.05-0.15 μ m. Raws li lub thickness ntawm txheej kub nce, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom kub yuav tsum tau rau cov txheej txheem kub plating nce linearly. Ntxiv mus, thaum lub sij hawm electrolysis, txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv ntawm ions thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov nyhuv electroplating, cov concentration ntawm kub ions nyob rau hauv cov electrolyte yuav tsum tau tswj nyob rau hauv ib tug tej theem, uas txhais tau hais tias ntau cov ntaub ntawv kub yuav tsum tau noj thaum lub sij hawm ntau lawm txheej txheem.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tus nqi hloov pauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kub muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov cuam tshuam rau tus nqi ntawm ob txheej txheem. Vim qhov kev siv cov khoom siv kub tsawg, tus nqi ntawm cov txheej txheem kub kub yog qhov ruaj khov thaum ntsib kev hloov pauv ntawm cov nqi kub. Thiab cov txheej txheem kub plating, vim nws qhov kev cia siab hnyav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kub, txhua qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov nqi kub yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau nws cov nqi. Piv txwv li, thaum lub thoob ntiaj teb kub tus nqi nce siab, tus nqi ntawm kub plating tshuab yuav sai sai, nqa cov nqi siab rau cov lag luam.
Kev sib piv ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov nqi ua haujlwm
Cov khoom siv uas xav tau rau cov txheej txheem kub deposition yog qhov yooj yim, feem ntau suav nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tso tsheb hlau luam, cov txheej txheem kev daws teeb meem, cov khoom siv ntsuas kub thiab lwm yam. Vim muaj cov txheej txheem ruaj khov, cov kev cai rau cov neeg ua haujlwm feem ntau tsom rau kev saib xyuas thiab kho cov kev daws teeb meem, ua rau cov nqi kawm qis rau cov neeg ua haujlwm.
Cov txheej txheem kub plating yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, nrog rau cov khoom siv lim dej thiab cov tshuab hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Cov cuab yeej no tsis yog kim xwb, tab sis kuj yuav tsum muaj hluav taws xob ntau thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, ua rau muaj kev poob qis thiab kev siv hluav taws xob ntau. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, cov txheej txheem electrolysis yuav tsum nruj heev tswj cov txheej txheem tsis, xws li tam sim no ceev, voltage, plating lub sij hawm, thiab lwm yam. Ib qho kev sib txawv ntawm ib qho parameter yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem zoo nrog txheej kub. Qhov no xav kom cov neeg ua haujlwm kom muaj kev txawj ntse thiab kev nplua nuj, thiab tus nqi ntawm kev cob qhia thiab kev ua haujlwm yog qhov siab.
Lwm qhov kev xav txog tus nqi
Hauv kev tsim khoom tiag tiag, muaj qee qhov lwm yam uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tus nqi ntawm ob txoj haujlwm. Piv txwv li, cov txheej txheem kub deposition yuav tsum tau siv ntau yam tshuaj reagents nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem kev daws teeb meem thiab txij nkawm. Txawm hais tias tus nqi ntawm cov reagents no kuj qis dua piv rau cov ntaub ntawv kub, nws kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov nuj nqis uas tau sau rau lub sijhawm ntev. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov dej khib nyiab tsim tawm thaum lub sij hawm kub deposition muaj cov hlau hnyav thiab tshuaj, uas yuav tsum tau kho tshwj xeeb kom tau raws li ib puag ncig cov qauv, thiab cov nqi kho dej khib nyiab yuav tsis raug ignored.
Thaum lub sij hawm electroplating txheej txheem, cov txheej txheem kub plating tej zaum yuav ntsib teeb meem zoo nrog cov txheej kub vim yog kev tswj tsis raug, xws li adhesion tsis txaus thiab tsis sib xws ntawm cov txheej kub. Thaum cov teeb meem no tshwm sim, lub workpiece feem ntau yuav tsum tau rov ua dua, uas tsis yog tsuas yog nce cov khoom siv thiab lub sijhawm, tab sis kuj yuav ua rau txo qis hauv kev tsim khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem kub plating muaj cov kev xav tau siab rau qhov chaw tsim khoom, xav tau kev saib xyuas kev huv thiab ruaj khov kub thiab av noo nyob rau hauv lub rooj cob qhia, uas yuav ua rau qee cov nqi tsim khoom.