Tag nrho cov yam ntxwv zaus, siab - qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev sib kis ceev, thiab cov txheej txheem RF nyuaj ntawm 5G kev sib txuas lus txiav txim siab tias PCB ntawm fr4 board tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li nws cov kev xav tau. High zaus PCB pawg thawj coj saib yog lub hauv paus ntawm cov khoom siv kho vajtse ruaj khov rau kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm 5G network, thiab lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub cev tom qab nws tag nrho revolves nyob ib ncig ntawm txoj cai kis tau tus mob siab zaus.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev ntau zaus ntawm 5G cov teeb liab yuam kev hloov kho PCB
Kev sib txuas lus ntawm zaus thiab wavelength: 5G npog Sub-6GHz thiab FR2 millimeter nthwv dej (24-40GHz) zaus bands, thiab cov wavelength sib thooj raug txo los ntawm qib centimeter mus rau qib millimeter. Lub routing thiab dielectric thickness ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm luam ntawv zoo tib yam twb nyob rau tib theem raws li lub teeb liab wavelength, uas tuaj yeem yooj yim ua rau muaj teeb meem loj thiab hluav taws xob poob.
Lub cev sab sauv txwv ntawm kev sib kis tus nqi: Lub ncov tus nqi ntawm 5G ib channel tuaj yeem ncav cuag 10Gbps lossis ntau dua, thiab lub sijhawm nce lub teeb liab tau luv heev. Qhov kev faib tawm cov nyhuv ntawm cov tsoos PCB yuav raug nthuav dav, ncaj qha ua rau lub sijhawm teeb tsa tsis zoo thiab ua tiav kaw ntawm qhov muag daim duab.
Lub ntuj siab poob cov cuab yeej ntawm millimeter nthwv dej: rau txhua qhov sib npaug ntawm ntau zaus, kev sib kis ntawm cov teeb liab hauv nruab nrab yuav kwv yees li ob npaug. Qhov poob ntawm cov fr4 zoo tib yam nyob rau hauv lub zaus band siab tshaj 10GHz yuav tshaj 3-5 npaug ntawm siab-frequency printed circuit board, thiab tsis tuaj yeem txhawb nqa RF teeb liab mus ntev.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub cev muaj zog PCB: qis dielectric tsis tu ncua (Dk) thiab qis dielectric poob (Df)
Cov nyhuv ntawm lub cev ntawm dielectric tas li (Dk): Cov teeb liab kis tau tus mob yog inversely proportional rau lub square root ntawm dielectric tas li ntawm cov khoom. Tus nqi Dk ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xws li Rogers thiab PTFE siv nyob rau hauv high zaus luam ntawv Circuit Court board yog ruaj khov ntawm 2.2-3.5, deb tshaj li 4.2-4.8 ntawm zoo tib yam fr4, uas yuav txo tau lub teeb liab kis tau tus mob ncua sij hawm thiab xyuas kom meej multi-channel teeb liab sij hawm synchronization.
Tus nqi tseem ceeb ntawm dielectric poob (Df): Tus nqi Df ntawm siab- zaus luam tawm Circuit Board feem ntau tsawg dua 0.005, thiab qee qhov ultra- cov ntaub ntawv poob qis tuaj yeem qis li 0.001. Nyob rau hauv millimeter yoj zaus band, chav tsev nti teeb liab poob tuaj yeem tswj tsis pub dhau 0.3dB, tsis txhob muaj ntau lub zog nqus los ntawm qhov nruab nrab thaum lub sij hawm kis ntawm RF signals.
Qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev ruaj ntseg rau Dk/Df: Kev khiav hauj lwm kub ntawm 5G lub hauv paus chaw nres tsheb npog -40℃~ 125 degree, thiab Dk hloov pauv ntawm siab- zaus PCB cov ntaub ntawv tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.2 nyob rau hauv tag nrho qhov kub thiab txias, tsis muaj impedance drift vim qhov kub thiab txias ntawm ib puag ncig, kom ntseeg tau tias qhov loj ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob PCB.
Lub cev hauv qab logic ntawm kev tswj impedance thiab teeb liab kev ncaj ncees
Cov kev cai nruj impedance sib piv: Qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau impedance kam rau ua rau 5G RF txuas yog tswj tsis pub dhau ± 3%. High zaus luam ntawv Circuit Court board ua tiav siab -precision impedance tswj ntawm 50 Ω RF routing thiab 90 Ω sib txawv routing los ntawm kev tswj cov thickness thiab kab dav ntawm qhov nruab nrab, txo qhov deterioration ntawm sawv yoj piv thiab tsis txhob hnov qab lub teeb liab nyob rau hauv kev sib txuas lus thiab txais tos kev sib txuas.
Lub cev tsim los tiv thaiv cov teeb liab crosstalk: Lub siab -Speed Serdes txuas ceev ntawm 5G tuaj yeem ncav cuag 100Gbps. High zaus luam tawm Circuit Board tuaj yeem txo qhov hluav taws xob sib txuas ntawm cov kab sib txuas thiab tsis txhob teeb liab crosstalk ntawm qhov sib txuas siab - nrawm nrawm los ntawm kev xa mus rau lub dav hlau hauv av thiab tswj cov kab sib txuas kom ntau tshaj peb npaug ntawm kab dav hauv kev tsim lub cev.
Kev hloov kho thiab kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov tawv nqaij zoo: Qhov tam sim no ntawm siab - zaus cov cim qhia tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ib txheej nyias ntawm micrometer theem ntawm cov hlau. Lub siab -PCB zaus siv cov ntawv xov tooj qis qis kom txo cov neeg xyuas pib poob ntau dua 40% ntawm cov zaus siab, zam qhov teeb meem ntxiv los ntawm cov tawv nqaij.
Kev hloov kho lub cev rau 5G loj MIMO thiab cov array phased
Ntau cov theem sib xws raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj: Qhov loj - nplai kav hlau txais xov array ntawm 5G AAU yuav tsum muaj theem sib txawv ntawm kaum ob lossis ntau pua ntawm RF teeb liab kom tswj tau hauv 5℃. Cov khoom siv sib xws thiab qhov ntev ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm qhov siab -PCB zaus tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev sib kis qeeb ntawm txhua lub teeb liab yog qhov zoo sib xws, txhawb siab -precision beamforming.
Lub cev qauv kom zoo dua ntawm hybrid stacking: 5G hauv paus chaw nres tsheb feem ntau tau txais cov qauv sib xyaw ntawm "Rogers siab- zaus RF txheej + fr4 cov txheej txheem", uas tsis yog tsuas yog ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau poob qis ntawm RF txuas, tab sis kuj sib npaug ntawm cov xov hlau ceev thiab cov nqi tsim khoom ntawm digital circuits. Tam sim no nws yog lub ntsiab PCB daws teeb meem rau 5G macro thiab chaw nres tsheb me.
Txoj kev ua lub cev ntawm cov cua kub dissipation: Lub tshav kub flux ceev ntawm 5G amplifier chips deb tshaj li ntawm 4G li. Lub siab thermal conductivity substrate ntawm high zaus luam ntawv Circuit Court boards, ua ke nrog hlau faus qhov thiab tshav kub dissipation channel tsim, yuav sai sai dissipate lub tshav kub ntawm lub RF pem hauv ntej- kawg, zam cov khoom Dk drift thiab ntaus ntawv tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab xyuas kom meej ntev - lub sij hawm ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom siv.